The Castello di Rivoli stands on the remains of an ancient medieval castle that Emanuele Filiberto had taken over to adapt into a residence for the House of Savoy. At the beginning of the 17th century, Carlo Emanuele I, who was born in Rivoli, decided to build a great palace on the site. Ascanio Vittozzi worked on the project but it was Carlo di Castellamonte who did the actual construction. The Rivoli Castle is described in the Theatrum Sabaudiae which contains two images showing a long building beside the residence crowned by its four angular towers. This long building was the Duke's Picture Gallery and today is known as the Manica Lunga.